Thyroid Disease

What does a diagnosis look like?

Thyroid Nodules

Thyroid nodules are very common and are often asymptomatic, meaning they may go undetected, which may delay their diagnosis. They are primarily classified as solid or fluid-filled nodules (cysts). Approximately 90% of thyroid nodules are benign (non-cancerous). If left untreated, some thyroid nodules may become symptomatic and require treatment.

If left untreated, some thyroid nodules can become symptomatic and require treatment.

Possible Symptoms

Swelling
Difficulty breathing and swallowing
Neck Pain
Hoarse Voice
Coughing
Dizziness
Swelling
Difficulty breathing and swallowing
Neck Pain
Hoarse Voice
Coughing
Dizziness

Thyroid nodules are common, carrying a 7–15% risk of malignancy1. Among thyroid cancers, papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) accounts for 80–85% of thyroid cancers, and follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) for 5–15%². Both have an excellent prognosis with appropriate treatment³

Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma, medullary thyroid carcinoma, and primary thyroid sarcoma are rare thyroid cancers, accounting for approximately 5–10% of all malignant thyroid tumors. Unlike PTC and FTC, these malignancies have fewer treatment options and a worse prognosis.⁴

Thyroid Nodule Diagnosis2

A Primary Care Physician or Specialist may use one or more of the following tests to evaluate thyroid conditions

Thyroid Function Test

The thyroid function test is a blood test to check your thyroid hormone levels. It is the only accurate way to verify hormone levels.

Thyroid Scan

The thyroid scan uses small doses of radioactive chemicals to produce images of the thyroid gland, allowing physicians to assess thyroid function.

Ultrasound

Ultrasound is an imaging test that uses sound waves to create a pictures of organs , tissues, and other structures in the body. Physicians view the thyroid gland through the picture provided.

Palpation

Palpation is a method of examining a patient’s neck to detect thyroid nodules. A physician manually examine the neck to w examine the size, consistency, texture, location, and tenderness of the thyroid gland.

Biopsy

If there is a reason to suspect a thyroid cancer from the other diagnosis results, a biopsy of the nodule will be taken and evaluated by a laboratory to make a determination.

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